1. Oral Sedation- Oral sedation is a type of conscious sedation that involves administering medications orally (by mouth) to reduce anxiety and discomfort during dental or medical procedures. Oral sedatives can range from mild sedatives like Valium to stronger medications like Halcion.

The primary goal of oral sedation is to help the patient feel more relaxed and at ease during the procedure while still remaining conscious and able to communicate with the healthcare provider. The medication is typically given before the procedure, and it can take up to an hour for the sedative to take effect.

2. Local Anesthesia- Local anesthesia is a type of anesthesia that is used to numb a specific area of the body, typically a small area where a medical or dental procedure will be performed. Local anesthesia works by blocking nerve impulses in the area of the body where the anesthetic is applied, which temporarily prevents the nerves from sending pain signals to the brain.

Local anesthesia is commonly used for dental procedures, such as filling cavities or performing root canals, as well as minor surgical procedures like removing skin lesions or repairing lacerations. It is administered through injection or topically, and the effects typically last for a few hours.

3. IV Sedation with local anesthesia- IV sedation with local anesthesia is a type of conscious sedation that combines the use of intravenous medication and local anesthesia to provide pain relief and relaxation during medical or dental procedures. IV sedation, also known as "twilight sedation," is a form of conscious sedation where the patient is in a sleep-like state, but still able to respond to verbal commands.

During IV sedation with local anesthesia, a local anesthetic is injected into the specific area where the medical or dental procedure is being performed to numb the area and minimize any pain or discomfort. At the same time, intravenous medication is administered to induce a state of deep relaxation and drowsiness, making the patient more comfortable during the procedure.

4. General Anesthesia- General anesthesia is a medical state induced in a patient to allow them to undergo surgery or other medical procedures without experiencing pain or discomfort. It is a state of unconsciousness that is achieved by administering drugs that affect the brain's activity, resulting in a temporary loss of awareness and sensation.

General anesthesia is typically administered by an anesthesiologist, a highly trained medical specialist who is responsible for monitoring the patient's vital signs during the procedure. The anesthesiologist will use a combination of intravenous medications and inhaled gases to induce and maintain the anesthesia.